The main structural components of a gantry milling machine include the worktable, bed, column and crossbeam, saddle, and ram. The bed and worktable are made of high-strength, high-quality cast iron using resin sand molding. The column and crossbeam are integrated, also made of high-strength, high-quality cast iron, with a stepped structure for the crossbeam guideways. The saddle and ram are made of high-strength, high-quality cast iron, and their guideway pairs combine PTFE-coated sliding guideways with medium-frequency hardened sliding guideways.
Key subsystems of the machine tool include the hydraulic system, lubrication system, cooling and filtration system, and chip removal device. The hydraulic system is responsible for functions such as automatic spindle tool clamping and ram balancing cylinders. The lubrication system typically uses a pressurized, centralized, timed, and metered lubrication system. The cooling system includes a spindle constant-temperature cooling system and a tool cooling system.
For high-precision or ultra-heavy-duty machine tools, the ram may employ a cross-shaped, large-section structure and be equipped with hydrostatic guideways to improve rigidity. For gantry milling machines with long strokes, the feed system design has special requirements, and innovative transmission solutions such as dual-axis output may be adopted to ensure accuracy and stability. The crossbeam and column of the fixed-beam gantry milling machine adopt an integrated design and follow the center-of-gravity drive design concept to improve the rigidity of the frame.
